Discovery and characterization of the evolution, variation and functions of diversity-generating retroelements using thousands of genomes and metagenomes.
Diversity-generating retroelements (DGRs) are a novel household of retroelements that generate sequence range of DNA to profit their hosts by introducing variations and accelerating the evolution of goal proteins. They exist extensively in micro organism, archaea, phage and plasmid.
However, our understanding about DGRs in pure environments was nonetheless very restricted.We developed an environment friendly computational algorithm to determine DGRs, and utilized it to characterize DGRs in additional than 80,000 sequenced bacterial genomes in addition to greater than 4,000 human metagenome datasets.
In whole, we recognized 948 non-redundant DGRs, which expanded the quantity of identified DGRs in bacterial genomes and human microbiomes by about 55%, and supplied a way more complete reference for the examine of DGRs. Phylogenetic evaluation was achieved for recognized DGRs.
Discovery and characterization of the evolution, variation and functions of diversity-generating retroelements using thousands of genomes and metagenomes.
The putative goal genes of DGRs have been searched, and the functions of these goal genes have been investigated with a complete alignment towards the nr database.DGR system is a robust and common mechanism to generate range. DGR evolution is carefully related to the dwelling atmosphere and their cassette buildings. Furthermore, it might influence a variety of useful processes along with receptor-binding. These outcomes considerably improved our understanding about DGRs.
Description: Diclofenac Sodium is a non-selective COX inhibitor with IC50 of 60 and 220 nM for ovine COX-1 and -2, respectively.Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. Diclofenac sodium (Dc), an anti-inflam
Description: Diclofenac Sodium is a non-selective COX inhibitor with IC50 of 60 and 220 nM for ovine COX-1 and -2, respectively.Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. Diclofenac sodium (Dc), an anti-inflam
Description: Diclofenac Sodium is a non-selective COX inhibitor with IC50 of 60 and 220 nM for ovine COX-1 and -2, respectively.Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. Diclofenac sodium (Dc), an anti-inflam
Description: Diclofenac Sodium is a non-selective COX inhibitor with IC50 of 60 and 220 nM for ovine COX-1 and -2, respectively.Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. Diclofenac sodium (Dc), an anti-inflam
Description: Diclofenac diethylamine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug taken to reduce inflammation and as an analgesic reducing pain in certain conditions.
Description: Diclofenac diethylamine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug taken to reduce inflammation and as an analgesic reducing pain in certain conditions.
Description: Diclofenac diethylamine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug taken to reduce inflammation and as an analgesic reducing pain in certain conditions.
Description: Diclofenac potassium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug taken to reduce inflammation and as an analgesic reducing pain in certain conditions.
Description: Diclofenac potassium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug taken to reduce inflammation and as an analgesic reducing pain in certain conditions.
Description: Diclofenac potassium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug taken to reduce inflammation and as an analgesic reducing pain in certain conditions.
Description: Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, which is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain, including menstrual pain. It is typically prescribed for oral administration. M
Description: Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, which is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain, including menstrual pain. It is typically prescribed for oral administration. M
Description: Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, which is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain, including menstrual pain. It is typically prescribed for oral administration. M
Description: Tolfenamic acid (TA) is one of the class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).Tolfenamic acid is a NSAID. Tolfenamic acid treatment inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis as measured by caspase activity and bioelectric impedance. Tolfena
Description: Tolfenamic acid (TA) is one of the class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).Tolfenamic acid is a NSAID. Tolfenamic acid treatment inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis as measured by caspase activity and bioelectric impedance. Tolfena
Description: Tolfenamic acid (TA) is one of the class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).Tolfenamic acid is a NSAID. Tolfenamic acid treatment inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis as measured by caspase activity and bioelectric impedance. Tolfena
Description: Niflumic acid, a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel blocker, is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Niflumic acid, an inhibitor of calcium-activated chloride currents. Niflumic acid does not block directly calciu
Description: Niflumic acid, a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel blocker, is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Niflumic acid, an inhibitor of calcium-activated chloride currents. Niflumic acid does not block directly calciu
Description: Niflumic acid, a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel blocker, is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Niflumic acid, an inhibitor of calcium-activated chloride currents. Niflumic acid does not block directly calciu
Description: Valproic acid is an inhibitor of HDAC1 with IC50 value of 0.4mM [1].Valproic acid (VPA) is a branched short-chain fatty acid. It is previously synthesized and used as an inert solvent of organic compounds.
Description: Valproic acid is an inhibitor of HDAC1 with IC50 value of 0.4mM [1].Valproic acid (VPA) is a branched short-chain fatty acid. It is previously synthesized and used as an inert solvent of organic compounds.
Description: Valproic acid is an inhibitor of HDAC1 with IC50 value of 0.4mM [1].Valproic acid (VPA) is a branched short-chain fatty acid. It is previously synthesized and used as an inert solvent of organic compounds.
Description: Penicillic acid is synthesized by a large number of fungi, such as P. puberulum, Penicillium stoloniferum, P. eye/opium Penicillium martensii, Penicillium thomii. The synthesis of this secondary metabolite has little or no taxonomic significance [1].
Description: Penicillic acid is synthesized by a large number of fungi, such as P. puberulum, Penicillium stoloniferum, P. eye/opium Penicillium martensii, Penicillium thomii. The synthesis of this secondary metabolite has little or no taxonomic significance [1].
Description: IC50: 10 ?M for ET-1 binding to the ETA receptor ofA10 cellsAsterric Acid is an ETA receptor inhibitor. Endothelin (ET), a potent vasoconstrictor/pressor peptide consisting of 21 amino acid residues, was first isolated from the cultures of porcine aortic endothelial cells.
Description: IC50: 10 ?M for ET-1 binding to the ETA receptor ofA10 cellsAsterric Acid is an ETA receptor inhibitor. Endothelin (ET), a potent vasoconstrictor/pressor peptide consisting of 21 amino acid residues, was first isolated from the cultures of porcine aortic endothelial cells.
Description: Betulinic acid is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid that displays anti-HIV and antitumor activity. Betulinic acid selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells by directly activating the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis through a p53- and CD95-independent mechanism.
Description: Betulinic acid is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid that displays anti-HIV and antitumor activity. Betulinic acid selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells by directly activating the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis through a p53- and CD95-independent mechanism.
Description: Betulinic acid is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid that displays anti-HIV and antitumor activity. Betulinic acid selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells by directly activating the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis through a p53- and CD95-independent mechanism.
Description: Betulinic acid is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid that displays anti-HIV and antitumor activity. Betulinic acid selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells by directly activating the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis through a p53- and CD95-independent mechanism.
Description: Gambogic acid (GA) is an inducer of apoptosis with EC50 value of 0.78-1.64 ?M for caspases and with IC50 values of 1.47, 1.21, 2.02, 0.66, 1.06 and 0.79 ?M for Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, Bcl-W, Bcl-B, Bfl-1 and Mcl-1, respectively.
Description: Gambogic acid (GA) is an inducer of apoptosis with EC50 value of 0.78-1.64 ?M for caspases and with IC50 values of 1.47, 1.21, 2.02, 0.66, 1.06 and 0.79 ?M for Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, Bcl-W, Bcl-B, Bfl-1 and Mcl-1, respectively.
Description: Gambogic acid (GA) is an inducer of apoptosis with EC50 value of 0.78-1.64 ?M for caspases and with IC50 values of 1.47, 1.21, 2.02, 0.66, 1.06 and 0.79 ?M for Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, Bcl-W, Bcl-B, Bfl-1 and Mcl-1, respectively.
Description: Gambogic acid (GA) is an inducer of apoptosis with EC50 value of 0.78-1.64 ?M for caspases and with IC50 values of 1.47, 1.21, 2.02, 0.66, 1.06 and 0.79 ?M for Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, Bcl-W, Bcl-B, Bfl-1 and Mcl-1, respectively.
Description: Description: IC50 Value: N/A Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a natural phenolic compound isolated from the creosote bush Larrea divaricata, which has anti-tumor activities both in vitro and in vivo.
Description: Description: IC50 Value: N/A Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a natural phenolic compound isolated from the creosote bush Larrea divaricata, which has anti-tumor activities both in vitro and in vivo.
Description: Oseltamivir is an inhibitor of influenza neuraminidase [1].Oseltamivir is a prodrug that is converted by intestinal and/or hepatic esterases to the neuraminidase inhibitor molecule, oseltamivir carboxylate.
Description: Oseltamivir is an inhibitor of influenza neuraminidase [1].Oseltamivir is a prodrug that is converted by intestinal and/or hepatic esterases to the neuraminidase inhibitor molecule, oseltamivir carboxylate.
Description: Oseltamivir is an inhibitor of influenza neuraminidase [1].Oseltamivir is a prodrug that is converted by intestinal and/or hepatic esterases to the neuraminidase inhibitor molecule, oseltamivir carboxylate.
Description: IC50: Noncompetitively inhibit histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity in prostate cancer with an IC50 value of about 5.0 M.Anacardic acid (AA) is commonly regarded as a non-specific HAT inhibitor of p300.
Description: IC50: Noncompetitively inhibit histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity in prostate cancer with an IC50 value of about 5.0 M.Anacardic acid (AA) is commonly regarded as a non-specific HAT inhibitor of p300.
Description: IC50: Noncompetitively inhibit histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity in prostate cancer with an IC50 value of about 5.0 M.Anacardic acid (AA) is commonly regarded as a non-specific HAT inhibitor of p300.
Description: Okadaic acid is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1/2A with IC50 values of 19 nM and 0.2 nM for protein phosphatase 1 and protein phosphatase 2A, respectively [1].
Description: Okadaic acid is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1/2A with IC50 values of 19 nM and 0.2 nM for protein phosphatase 1 and protein phosphatase 2A, respectively [1].
Description: Zoledronic acid, one of the most potent nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, induces anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects on multiple myeloma cell lines in vitro by activating protein kinase C. Zoledronic acid also inhibits proliferation of human foet
Description: Zoledronic acid, one of the most potent nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, induces anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects on multiple myeloma cell lines in vitro by activating protein kinase C. Zoledronic acid also inhibits proliferation of human foet
Description: Zoledronic acid, one of the most potent nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, induces anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects on multiple myeloma cell lines in vitro by activating protein kinase C. Zoledronic acid also inhibits proliferation of human foet
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